Accounting Services

Time and Effort Certification
 

Purpose:

Provides policy and procedures for completing the Time and Effort Certification Forms by LSUHSC faculty and employees.  Application of the following policy and procedures will ensure that LSUHSC complies with all applicable federal laws and regulations.

 

Time and Effort Certification Policy

Federal regulations applicable to sponsored research at colleges and universities (OMB Circular A‑21, Section J10, entitled "Compensation for Personal Services") require that each institution maintain an acceptable effort  reporting system. The purpose of an effort reporting system is to provide a reasonable basis for distributing salary charges among direct activities (sponsored research, instruction, and clinical activity) and between direct and indirect activities. The requirement applies to  employees whose time or effort is charged in  whole or in part to U.S. government funds.  This includes grants and contracts with the Federal government and subcontracts that include Federal reporting requirements. Certification is also required for employees who have cost-sharing commitments on sponsored projects.

In addition to projects funded Federally, other sponsored agencies require us to maintain Time and Effort Certifications. The State Legislative Auditors, review these forms for compliance with OMB Circular A-21, to validate Cost Sharing, to validate effort on other sponsored programs and to ensure State Unrestricted Funds are used appropriately.

LSUHSC has established a Time and Effort Certification system in order to comply with the requirement.  Time and Effort Certification forms are required to be certified according to campus instructions.  LSUHSC utilizes an after‑the‑fact certification of effort of all individuals when all or a portion of their salaries are charged to a sponsored project. Since Time and Effort Certification Forms are the source documents that support salary charges to sponsored projects, it is essential that this data be based on reasonable estimates of actual effort expended in the various effort categories.

Inaccurate effort estimates made to the Time and Effort Certification Forms, whether knowingly or through carelessness or mismanagement, may result in errors when charging costs to the federal government and other sponsors. Each individual with responsibility for Time and Effort Certification must therefore thoroughly understand the proper method of completing Time and Effort Certification Forms and ensure effort percentages reported on the forms reasonably reflect actual effort expended during the report period. Once signed, the information on the Time and Effort Certification Form is subject to independent audit and review by the federal government, other sponsors, and LSUHSC.

 

Time and Effort Certification Procedures
 

Accounting for Effort

The Time and Effort Certification form must account for all effort for which LSUHSC compensates the individual. This normally includes all effort expended on LSUHSC compensated sponsored research and other sponsored agreements, administration, instruction and department research, clinical activities, and other institutional activity. It does NOT include effort for which compensation is received directly from sources other than the University, such as compensation from outside consulting work. Even where the number of hours of effort the individual expends each week substantially exceeds a "normal" workweek of 35 or 40 hours, effort percentages must be based on total effort, rather than just "normal" effort.

Allocations of effort among different activities must be made on a reasonable, equitable, and consistent basis, recognizing that research, instruction, and clinical activity are often inextricably intertwined and estimates will be necessary in most cases.

The Time and Effort Certification form prints the percentage of appointment workload distribution  from specific chartstrings for the reporting period. In some cases, these percentages may not reflect the individual's actual effort to the project attributable to the chartstring. Since the percentages are generated from the appointment data within the PeopleSoft (PS) HRMS payroll system, they are after‑the‑fact projections of the level of effort the individual was expected to expend. If this percentage paid does not substantially (five percent or more) correspond to the effort actually expended by the individual on those projects during the report period, the Time and Effort Certification form must be completed to reflect actual effort expended. Payroll redistributions must be processed if actual effort percentages vary from the percentage paid by a project as averaged over a four month period. A payroll reallocation must be created (PER-3) to change the actual payroll distribution in the HRMS system to match the actual effort reported on the Time and Effort Certification form.

Decision factors when the monthly salary is five (5) percent or more different from the actual percentage of effort:

  • The difference is expected to remain constant throughout the individuals appointment, thus a change in the percentage is required. Process a payroll form to reflect the revised percentage effort for the period of change.

  • The grant will end before the 5% or more difference is planned to be made up. Process a payroll form to redistribute charges for that effort that will not be made up.

  • The grant has ended and the review of the project indicates that the effort expended is less than actual pay by 5% or more. Process a payroll form to redistribute charges to the proper accounts.

If none of the above criteria applies, then it should follow that:

  • The 5% or more difference is a one-time only change and will not result in a 5% or more difference over the period of the grant or contract.

  • The 5% or more difference is planned to be made up before the grant or contract ends. The made-up effort should be expended within 4 months.

If either of the above applies, a payroll form need not be processed to reflect pay redistribution.

A certification clause is provided and must be signed by the employee or a responsible person  who has first-hand knowledge of the employees effort on listed account. (Normally, this is the principal investigator.)

In no circumstances may the effort percentages reported on the Time and Effort Certification form be based on any consideration other than the actual effort expended by the individual during the report period.

 

Allocation of Effort among Related Activities

The Time and Effort Certification form provides for six effort categories: instruction (including sponsored training and department funded research), sponsored research, sponsored clinical trials, other sponsored agreements, other institutional activity; and department administration.

Instruction , Sponsored Training and Department Funded Research means the teaching and training activities of the institution. Instruction includes time spent in the following activities: (1) didactic teaching, (2) supervision of undergraduate students, graduate students, medical students, pre‑doctoral students, postdoctoral students, residents, and fellows, and (3) other specific activities as defined by your individual Department.

Departmental Research means research development and scholarly activities that are: (1) funded by the Department from Departmental accounts, (2) that are accounted for within the Department, and (3) that are not related to a sponsored project.

Sponsored Research means all research and development activities that are: (1) separately budgeted and accounted for, (2) sponsored by external Federal or non‑Federal sources, (3) supported from state legislatively designated funds for research, (4) university funded research and (5) cost sharing related to sponsored research activities.

Sponsored Clinical Trial Agreements  means clinical activities related to a sponsored project

Other Sponsored Agreements means public service or non-research activities related to a sponsored project.

Other Institutional Activity includes public service and clinical and patient activities that are specifically defined by each department but does not include clinical activities related to a sponsored research project.

Department Administration means activities that benefit common or joint departmental activities or objectives in academic deans' offices, academic departments and divisions, and sponsored research units. Sponsored research units include such units as institutes, study centers, and research centers.

These categories should be followed to the extent possible in completing the Time and Effort Certification form. In some circumstances, the appropriate category for a given activity is not obvious. The federal regulations on Time and Effort Certification recognize that in an academic setting, teaching, research, service, and administration are often inextricably intermingled.  A Time and Effort Certification system must, rely on reasonable estimates and allocations of effort among closely related activities.

For example, effort expended on research could benefit more than one sponsored project and thus could properly be allocated among all benefited projects. There is no single precise answer to the question of how effort allocations should be made in these circumstances. For  such allocations,  the effort should be allocated in reasonable proportion to the benefit derived from the effort.   In addition, the approach taken to such allocations should be reasonably consistent.

For example, if a faculty member allocates effort among closely related sponsored projects in one budget period, it would normally be inappropriate to assign all effort to only one of the sponsored projects during the next budget period.

 

Time and Effort Certification of Individuals Subject to the NIH Salary Cap

A National Institutes of Health (NIH) rule imposing a cap on reimbursement of salaries creates a special problem in completing Time and Effort Certifications for highly compensated faculty and staff. By law, NIH may not reimburse salaries under NIH awards at an annual rate that exceeds the salary cap for that period. However, effort percentages for all NIH sponsored research must reflect the total effort on such research, rather than just the percentage of salary reimbursed by NIH. The difference should be accounted for as Cost Sharing.

 

Reporting Unfunded Activity (Committed Cost Sharing)

Where some or all of an individual's effort is committed (identified in project budget or narrative specifically on a specific sponsored research project, but is not funded by the project sponsor, this committed cost-sharing effort must be reported on the Time and Effort Certification form (See Cost Sharing Policy).

This applies only to cost sharing effort expended on sponsored research, rather than departmental research. Departmental research is any research, development, or other scholarly activity that is distinct from any sponsored research project. While this research may or may not be separately budgeted, accounting of the funds to an outside entity is not required.

For example, if a faculty member has committed to expend effort on a sponsored research project, but does not charge the project for all (or any) of his or her salary for that effort, the salary portion NOT charged to the project is committed cost sharing and must be recorded in the Time and Effort Certification form. The committed cost sharing could be documented when the faculty member expends 75% of his or her total effort on a sponsored project, while the sponsor is charged for only 50% of his or her salary, the faculty member reports 75% effort on the Time and Effort Certification form in order to reflect actual effort expended on the project. The faculty member's committed cost sharing is the difference or 25%. It is important to understand that this rule applies only to effort specifically expended on a sponsored project.

 

Effort Percentages Must Total 100%

As the Time and Effort Certification form itself makes clear, effort percentages on the form must total to 100% ‑‑ neither more nor less. All LSUHSC compensated effort must be accounted for; and, obviously, the sum of the individual effort categories cannot be greater than 100%. Again, just because an individual may work more than a normal 35 or 40 hour week does not alter this rule. For example, an individual who spends 40 hours a week on sponsored research and 40 hours a week on clinical activity would report an effort percentage of 50 percent for each category, totaling 100 percent for the report period.  In order to total all column activity to 100%, when cost share activity is certified the funding program must be identified and the cost share percentage deducted from the funding program percentage on the report.

 

Responsibility for Accurate Time and Effort Certifications

To ensure the Time and Effort Certification system reasonably reflects actual effort expended in the various categories during the report period, the Time and Effort Certification form must be completed and confirmed by the individual whose effort is being reported or by a responsible person with access to reliable information or how the individual's effort has been expended, i.e. a responsible person who knows how the work was actually performed.

It is incumbent on this individual to ensure that the representations of effort contained in the Time and Effort Certification form are accurate. Careful review is especially important when someone completes the form other than the individual whose effort is reported on the form. In such cases, it is advisable to review the completed form with the individual before submitting it.

Although the rules applicable to Time and Effort Certification do not require that the forms be completed or signed by the individual whose effort is reported, this does not mean that faculty members or staff need not be concerned about the accuracy of the reports. Any individual who has reason to believe that his or her effort is not being accurately reported has an obligation to bring the matter to the attention of personnel responsible for completing the Time and Effort Certification forms.

The Effort Reporting system reports the percentage of an individual's salary as distributed by account for each reporting period. A misperception among some faculty and staff completing Time and Effort Certification forms is that the percentage of effort certified must equal the percentage of an individual's salary. To the contrary, one principal purpose of the Time and Effort Certification process is to determine whether the percentages of an individual's salary are correct and captures any necessary changes to the percentages to provide a reasonable estimate of actual effort.
 

 

LSUHSC Time and Effort Certification Process

Time and Effort Certifications are mailed/emailed to departments quarterly for non-professional staff and twice a year  for faculty and professional staff.  Forms are to be signed and mailed/emailed to the Sponsored Programs Office no later than 45 calendar days from receipt.  Any forms not received after 45 calendar days from receipts will be reported to the Fiscal Affairs Office of the School whose assistance will be requested to expedite completion and submission of any outstanding forms.  If there is an error made on the Time and Effort Certification form, the original information should be striked through, corrected and initialed.  Correction tape and similar items must not be used to alter Time and Effort Certification forms.

Changes Subsequent to the Certification

If a retroactive change in source of funds is submitted and has an effect on any previous certifications on  sponsored activities, a recertification of the Time and Effort form is required.

Electronic Submission of Documents

Emailing scanned signed forms to the Sponsored Projects Office or faxing signed forms to the Sponsored Projects Office is an acceptable means of submitting forms.  In cases in which forms are submitted in either of these manners, the original must be maintained by the department in accordance with the University's Record.